This chapter traces the historical development of digital health and outlines the evolution of digital technologies in healthcare. It covers key milestones in telehealth, telemedicine, electronic health records, eHealth, mHealth, medical imaging, robotics, artificial intelligence, blockchain, IoT, and big data, demonstrating their progressive role in transforming healthcare delivery.

This chapter presents an overview of the major technologies underpinning digital health. It introduces important terminologies and concepts while examining applications such as mHealth, eHealth, telehealth, telemedicine, and electronic health records, offering a foundational understanding of their relevance in healthcare.

This chapter explores the multidisciplinary approach required for implementing digital health, with emphasis on public sector collaboration and stakeholder engagement. It reviews country-level strategies, international best practices, and the World Health Organization’s guidelines that promote the adoption of digital health. Examples of national digital health initiatives are also discussed.