This chapter explores the impact of Industry 4.0 on healthcare, with a focus on patient-centered innovation through digital technologies. It introduces Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and their applications in healthcare for enhanced data management and monitoring. The chapter further examines P4 medicine as a model for personalised healthcare, the role of remote monitoring in managing chronic diseases, and the transformative potential of robotic surgery in improving surgical outcomes.

This chapter introduces Healthcare 5.0 as the next stage of technological and operational development, grounded in the principles of Industry 5.0. It discusses the integration of smart technologies, innovations in healthcare delivery, and the development of smart healthcare ecosystems. The chapter also analyses the challenges of balancing advanced technology with the human touch in care, considers the implications for workforce preparedness, and outlines the future role of governments and policymakers in shaping the trajectory of Healthcare 5.0.