What Is Typography?

Typography is the style and appearance of text, a design element used by graphic designers as a tool. As a design principle, typography involves the use and manipulation of typefaces to create an end product that is understood and easily read by viewers. 

When choosing a typeface, designers consider factors like readability, hierarchy of content, and how fonts work together. Using text as a visual expression can alter and impact a document's message and tone. Typography is the practice of selecting and using text meaningfully and meaningfully. 

Main styles of typeface 

Typeface refers to a specific style of font. Every style of font, or typeface, has variations in appearance that set it apart from other typefaces. You may hear a typeface called a font family since all text within a specific typeface has the same characteristics. When choosing a typeface, consider the qualities of the font to ensure that it aligns well with your message and does not distract readers. Consider common typeface styles:

• Serif: Serif fonts feature small strokes called serifs attached to a letter's main part. These strokes are sometimes referred to as “feet.” Fonts in serif style tend to convey a classic, traditional tone. 

• Sans-serif: Sans-serif translates to “without serif,” meaning that the letters lack the strokes attached, as you’ll see with serif fonts. The style tends to communicate a modern, clean tone. 

• Display: Sometimes called decorative, these typeface styles are typically used stylistically for effect or as a design element. Display fonts are more impactful when used in headlines or other small pieces of text where you want to draw attention.

• Script: Script fonts resemble human handwriting. These fonts have fluid, flowing strokes with no breaks between characters. They can add a feeling of luxury or retro style to your creations.

Typography tips 

Typography is an art. Every time text is placed on a page, consider the user experience and what the message conveys to the viewer. Text can be a distraction if not used with intention and thought. When creating a document with text, try to adhere to these principles of typography: 

• Use no more than two to three complimentary fonts on one document. 

• Ensure optimal readability, using sufficient white space, line spacing, and appropriate text size.

• Decorative fonts are best when used sparingly—for example, in headlines.

• Sans-serif fonts tend to read slightly better on screens than serif.

• Try not to exceed more than 60 characters per line of text. 

Related terms

• UX design

• Information architecture

• Negative space

• Iconography

Get started in UX design. 

Typography is the art and design of arranging text in a way that is both readable and visually appealing. It considers factors like typeface style, size, and spacing to effectively communicate a message and influence the overall design of a document. 

You can learn more about typography and other user experience (UX) skills with the Google UX Design Professional Certificate on Coursera. Learn to apply foundational UX concepts, like user-centred design, accessibility, and equity-focused design, through this programme. Upon completion, you'll gain a Professional Certificate to share on your CV or LinkedIn profile.